![]() The flocculo-nodular lobe is usually supplied by 2 arteries: the flocculus is supplied by the AICA and the nodulus is supplied by the PICA. It supplies the lobulus semilunaris inferior, the lobulus gracilis, the lobulus biventer, the tonsilla cerebelli, and, in the vermis, the clivus, the tuber, the pyramis, the uvula and the nodulus. The PICA always gives rami to the group of arteries supplying the dorsal medullary territory, but rarely participates to the supply of the lateral medullary territory. When the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is hypoplastic, AICA takes over the territory usually supplied by the lateral branch of the PICA. Like other structures in the central nervous system, the cerebellum consists of grey matter and white matter: Grey matter located on the surface of the cerebellum. It usually supplies the lateral territory of the lower part of the pons, the middle cerebellar peduncle, the flocculus and the neighbouring lobules of cerebellum. Anatomical Structure and Divisions The cerebellum consists of two hemispheres which are connected by the vermis, a narrow midline area. The VA, arising from the subclavian artery, is classically divided into 4 segments. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Wallenberg Syndrome (aka Lateral Medullary Syndrome or Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Syndrome) is a neurological condition caused by a blockage of the vertebral artery (VA) or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), ultimately leading to infarction of the later. The anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) irrigates a ponto-cerebellar territory. The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) usually originates from the vertebral artery (VA) at an average distance of approximately 16 or 17 mm below the vertebrobasilar junction 1, 2. The dentate nucleus belongs to this territory. The superior part of the cerebellum supplied by this artery includes the following lobules: lobulus anterior, lobulus simplex, lobulus semilunaris superior, and, in the vermis, lobulus centralis, culmen and clivus. Figure 1 Anatomical drawing ofthe mostfrequent course ofthe posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) supplies a small brain stem territory, located on the dorsal tegmentum and the tectum of the upper part of the pons. the territory of the medial branch, that is. They are based on a neuropathological study of 64 cases of cerebellar infarctions, the detailed study of which is reported elsewhere. Anatomy Neuroanatomy Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space Arteries of the brain: posterior circulation Author: Lorenzo Crumbie MBBS, BSc Reviewer: Dimitrios Mytilinaios MD, PhD Last reviewed: JReading time: 11 minutes About, fifteen percent (15) of the daily cardiac output is utilized by the brain. Anatomical drawings of the territory of these arteries are presented. The authors describe the microsurgical anatomy of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) with an extradural origin and discuss its importance as a common variation. ![]() Origin, course and distribution of the cerebellar arteries and of their branches are described.
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